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Development and Evolution of Couplings

There are many forms of couplings, which are divided into 3 categories according to their functions and principles:
Ordinary couplings, safety couplings, special couplings. The safety coupling is a safety mechanism added on the basis of the ordinary coupling. Once the torque is overloaded, it can interrupt the transmission or limit the transmission of the torque, thereby protecting the important parts of the machine from damage. Special couplings refer to couplings that are connected by non-mechanical means, such as couplings for hydraulic transmission, pneumatic transmission or magnetic transmission.

Classification and application of couplings:
Ordinary couplings are widely used. It is divided into two types: rigid coupling and elastic coupling. Rigid couplings are divided into rigid fixed couplings and rigid movable couplings. Rigid fixed couplings require two shaft pairs to be connected, and this alignment accuracy will not change during operation. Therefore, although this type of coupling has a simple structure and low price, its use requirements are too harsh, so it is rarely used. However, rigid fixed couplings are used in some occasions, such as the occasions where axial force needs to be transmitted through star-shaped elastic couplings, or when other couplings used in some heavy-duty units cannot meet the torque transmission requirements. The components of the rigid movable coupling can move relative to each other, and the relative displacement of the axis is compensated by the relative mobility, so there is no large axial displacement, radial displacement and angular displacement between the axes of the two shafts. displacement.

Summarize:
The familiar and widely used gear couplings belong to this category and were once the first choice for high-speed and high-power couplings. This type of coupling provides lubrication due to the relative movement between the elements, and its compensation ability is restricted by the relative sliding speed and lubrication conditions of the movable elements. For example, the relative sliding speed of the tooth surface of the gear coupling should not be greater than 0.12m/s, so at high speed and heavy load, the angular compensation ability of this coupling is very small. In order to improve this compensation ability, gear couplings are often made into drum-shaped teeth, the structure is relatively complicated, and once there is a problem with lubrication, its service effect and life will be greatly reduced, which promotes the development and development of dry couplings. use.
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